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ABSTRACT: In Brazil, the optimal dose of phosphorus in the cultivation of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) clones has yet to be defined. This study verified the productivity of yerba mate clones in response to the application of P doses and determined the critical level of the nutrient in soil and yerba mate leaves. The experiment was developed in Itaiópolis-SC, in humic cambisol, from 2013 to 2020. Five doses of the nutrient were evaluated in two clones (BRS-BLD Aupaba and F2) of yerba mate. Fertility was defined by planting/post-planting (0, 2.3; 4.5; 6.8, and 9.0 g plant-1), canopy formation 1 (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g plant-1), canopy formation 2 (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 g plant-1), and production (0, 16.7; 33.3; 50.0; 66.7 kg ha-1). Harvests took place between July 2015 and January 2020, at 18-month intervals. The productivity of leaves, fine branches, and thick branches was evaluated. In the 2020 harvest, soil and leaf samples were collected to determine the critical level of P. The productivity of clone components increased with phosphate fertilization in all evaluated harvests. The critical levels of P for clones, Aupaba and F2, were 5.2 and 6.3 mg dm-3 in soil and 1.03 and 1.11 g kg-1 in leaves, respectively. Yerba mate is demanding of P, expressing maximum productivity in the planting phase, canopy formation 1 and 2, and production when doses of 5, 25, 40 g plant-1, and 35 kg ha-1 of P2O5 are applied, respectively.

RESUMO: No Brasil, a dose de fósforo no cultivo de clones de erva-mate ainda não está definida. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a produtividade de clones de erva-mate em resposta a aplicação de doses de P e determinar o nível crítico do nutriente no solo e folhas de erva-mate. O experimento foi implantado em Itaiópolis-SC, em Cambissolo Húmico, em 2013. Foram avaliadas cinco doses do nutriente em dois clones (BRS-BLD Aupaba e F2) de erva-mate. As adubações foram definidas como de plantio/pós-plantio (0, 2,3; 4,5; 6,8 e 9,0 g planta-1), formação de copa 1 (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 e 50 g planta-1), formação de copa 2 (0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 g planta-1) e produção (0, 16,7; 33,3; 50,0; 66,7 kg ha-1). As colheitas ocorreram entre julho de 2015 e janeiro de 2020, com intervalos de 18 meses. Avaliou-se produtividade de folhas, galhos finos e galhos grossos. Na safra de 2020, foram coletadas amostras de solo e folhas para determinação do nível crítico de P. A produtividade dos componentes dos clones aumentou com a adubação fosfatada em todas as safras avaliadas. Os níveis críticos de P para os clones Aupaba e F2 foram 5,2 e 6,3 mg dm-3 no solo e 1,03 e 1,11 g kg-1 nas folhas, respectivamente. A erva-mate é exigente em P, expressando produtividade máxima na fase de plantio, formação de copa 1 e 2 e produção, quando aplicado doses de P2O5 em torno de 5, 25, 40 g planta-1 e 35 kg ha-1, respectivamente.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210903

Multiple comorbidities in patients with long-lasting chronic spontaneous urticaria longlasting long lasting
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Agondi, Rosana Câmara

; Argôlo, Paula Natassya

; Mousinho-Fernandes, Mariana

; Gehlen, Bruna

; Kalil, Jorge

; Motta, Antonio Abílio

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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Fev 2023, Volume 98 Nº 1 Páginas 93 - 96

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abd.2022.03.004

Clinical features of hereditary angioedema and warning signs (H4AE) for its identification
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Giavina-Bianchi, Pedro

; Aun, Marcelo Vivolo

; Garcia, Juliana Fóes Bianchini

; Gomes, Laís Souza

; Ribeiro, Ana Júlia

; Takejima, Priscila

; Agondi, Rosana Câmara

; Kalil, Jorge

; Motta, Antonio Abilio

Clinics

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2022, Volume 77 elocation 100023

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives The study describes a case series of hereditary angioedema with C1 Inhibitor Deficiency (C1INH-HAE) in order to corroborate six clinical warning signs “HAAAAE (H4AE)” to enable early identification of this disease. Methods The authors analyzed the C1INH-HAE cohort to analyze the clinical aspects of the present study's patients and corroborate the six clinical warning signs of the Hereditary Angioedema Brazilian Guidelines. Data regarding demographics, the onset of disease, time to diagnosis, frequency of attacks per year, organs involved, triggers, crisis duration and their outcomes, and disease treatment were collected. Then the authors developed an acronym, H4AE, to help healthcare professionals remember the warning signs. Results The authors included 98 patients in the study, with a mean age of 38.1 years, 67.3% being female, and 75.3% with a family history of HAE. HAE diagnosis was delayed, on average, 13.7 years after its initial manifestation. Exploratory laparotomy was reported by 26.9%, and orotracheal intubation by 21.3% of the present study's patients; 61.3% and 30.3% of them were admitted at least once in the hospital and in the intensive care unit, respectively. The authors constructed an acronym “H4AE” with the six warning signs of HAE: Hereditary, recurrent Angioedema, Abdominal pain, Absence of urticaria, Absence of response to antihistamines, Estrogen association. Conclusion C1INH-HAE is still underdiagnosed and associated with high morbidity. The study showed clinical features of this disease, corroborating the warning signs, which may be useful in raising awareness and improving the diagnosis of C1INH-HAE. The authors suggest the acronym “H4AE” to remind the warning signs.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100023

Minerals and potentially toxic elements in corn silage from tropical and subtropical Brazil
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Motta, Antonio Carlos Vargas

; Araujo, Eloá Moura

; Broadley, Martin R.

; Young, Scott D.

; Barbosa, Julierme Zimmer

; Prior, Stephen A.

; Schmidt, Patrick

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2020, Volume 49 elocation e20190214

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Our aim was to assess the mineral composition of corn silages produced in four states of Brazil: Goiás, Minas Gerais, Paraná, and Santa Catarina. In total, seventy-three samples were analyzed. Total element content was extracted by HNO3 and H2O2 microwave-assisted digestion, and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine concentration. Of the 31 elements analyzed (Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, S, Se, Sr, Ti, Tl, U, V, and Zn), 21 had concentrations above equipment detection limits. No elements reached the maximum tolerable concentration, but concentrations of Ca (0.14-0.15%), Cu (3.4-5.6 mg kg−1), P (0.13-0.16%), S (0.06-0.08%), and Zn (13-19 mg kg−1) were below the adequate concentration for good nutritional balance. The strong and consistent correlation observed between Fe and Ti in silage samples indicated contamination by soil. Mean concentrations of Cu, Mn, Mo, P, S, and Zn were different among states, and canonic analyses successfully discriminate samples according to their state of origin. Minerals from corn silage should be considered when formulating balanced cattle diets. To ensure silage quality, farmers must adopt strategies that reduce contamination by soil during the ensiling process.

https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz4920190214 540 downloads

Dendrometric Analysis of Early Development of Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis with Gypsum use Under Subtropical Conditions
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Ferreira, Carla Fernanda

; Bassaco, Marcos Vinicius Martins

; Pereira, Milena

; Pauletti, Volnei

; Prior, Stephen Arthur

; Motta, Antonio Carlos Vargas

Floresta e Ambiente

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2020, Volume 27 Nº 1 elocation e20190095

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Gypsum can be used as a source for calcium (Ca) and sulphurum (S) for plants, as well as an acid, that is, a natural soil conditioner. Aiming to determine the influence of gypsum on the development of Eucalyptus urograndis in Brazil, an experiment was conducted at two locations in Paraná State. Experiments were conducted with rates of 0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4, 4.8 and 9.6 Mg ha-1 to verify the method of broadcast planting in a randomized block design with four repetitions. Diameter and height of plants were measured every six months and volume was determined after 36 months. There was a difference in Eucalyptus growth between the two areas, possibly related to differences in planting season and climate. Gypsum did not influence on the dendrometric growth of Eucalyptus trees. The lack of a response to gypsum, as a source of Ca, S and soil conditioner, was discussed based on soil type, Eucalyptus tolerance to soil acidity, and climatic conditions in the period evaluated.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.009519 638 downloads

Presentation
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Machado, Lia Zanotta

; Motta, Antonio

Vibrant: Virtual Brazilian Anthropology

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2019, Volume 16 elocation e16700

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412019v16d700 252 downloads

Brazilian Anthropology in times of intolerance: The challenges of confronting neoconservatism
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Machado, Lia Zanotta

; Motta, Antonio

Vibrant: Virtual Brazilian Anthropology

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2019, Volume 16 elocation e16800

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este artigo se propõe analisar os desafios da antropologia brasileira diante do contexto político atual, marcado pelo retrocesso, intolerância, repressão e censura diante de avanços democráticos anteriormente conquistados. Para isso reflete sobre diferentes dinâmicas no campo da antropologia, em diferentes conjunturas políticas no Brasil, nas últimas cinco décadas. Na primeira parte, empreende uma análise do contexto histórico em que a antropologia brasileira se institucionaliza em plena época da ditadura militar. Em seguida destaca o engajamento social de antropólogo(a)s na luta pelos Direitos Humanos, no momento de redemocratização do país, na década de 1980, e a implantação gradativa das “políticas de identidades” com a participação de antropólogo(a)s junto aos grupos que estudam. Na segunda parte, busca avaliar o impacto dessas mudanças no campo da antropologia e os dilemas vividos pelos antropólogo(a)s no novo contexto de enfrentamento político. A última parte analisa e interpreta a movimentação neoconservadora e as estratégias e desafios para antropologia no Brasil contemporâneo.

Abstract The present article analyzes the challenges Brazilian anthropology faces in the current political context, marked by setbacks, intolerance, repression, and censorship relative to previously achieved democratic advances. Here, we reflect upon different dynamics in the field of anthropology in diverse political conjunctures in Brazil over the last five decades. The first section of the article analyzes the historical context in which Brazilian anthropology became institutionalized, during the military dictatorship. We then highlight the social engagement of anthropologists in the struggle for human rights during the re-democratization of Brazil in the 1980s and anthropologists’ participation (together with the groups they study) in the gradual implementation of “identity policies”. The second section evaluates the impact of these changes in the field of anthropology and the dilemmas experienced by anthropologists in the new context of political confrontation. The concluding section analyzes and interprets the neoconservative movement and the strategies and challenges anthropology faces in contemporary Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412019v16d800 1011 downloads

Plant growth, nutrients and potentially toxic elements in leaves of yerba mate clones in response to phosphorus in acid soils
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BARBOSA, JULIERME Z.

; MOTTA, ANTONIO C. V.

; CONSALTER, RANGEL

; POGGERE, GIOVANA C.

; SANTIN, DELMAR

; WENDLING, IVAR

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Mar 2018, Volume 90 Nº 1 Páginas 557 - 571

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Native to subtropical region of South America, yerba mate is responsive to P under some conditions, but the degree of influence of genetic and soil on the growth and composition of the leaf is unknown. The aim of study was to evaluate plant growth, nutrients and potentially toxic elements in leaves of yerba mate clones in response to P application in acid soils. In greenhouse condition, two yerba mate clone seedlings were grown (210 days) in pots, each clone in a completely randomized design in factorial scheme (with and without P; four acid soils). The elemental composition of leaves and the growth of plants were determined. Phosphorus promoted plant growth, but this was not accompanied by increased P in leaf tissue in all conditions tested. The P effect on the elemental composition varied: decrease/null (N, K, Mg, Mn, Cu, Ni, B, Mo, Al, Cd); increase/null (C/N, C, Ca, Fe, V); increase/decrease/null (Zn, Ba, Pb) and; null (Cr). The soils affect the elemental composition of the leaves, especially Mn, with accumulation greater than 1000 mg kg-1. The Ba, Pb, Al and Zn in the leaves varied among clones. Yerba mate response to P was affected by edaphic and plant factors.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820160701 1594 downloads

Quality peach produced in fertilizer doses of nitrogen and green pruning
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Dolinski, Marcos Antonio

; Dangelo, Jessica Welinski de Oliveira

; Cuquel, Francine Lorena

; Motta, Antonio Carlos Vargas

; Mio, Louise Larissa May De

Bragantia

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Mar 2018, Volume 77 Nº 1 Páginas 134 - 140

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The increasing consumer demand for fruit quality justifies the development of researches that combine orchards management and consumers’ perception of the quality of the product. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization combined with green pruning intensity on fruit quality of ‘Chimarrita’ from high density peach trees during three consecutive harvest seasons. For this purpose, urea composed of different nitrogen rates (0, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200 and 240 kg.ha-1.year-1) was applied, under two intensities of green pruning (annual – once per season; or continuous – four times per season) in a factorial scheme (7 × 2). Fruits have been subjected to physical, chemical and sensorial analysis, made by 60 non-trained evaluators in each of the harvest seasons. The results showed that the cumulative effect of applying N in the third harvest season improved SS attributes, SS/TA ratio and fruit skin color to the dose of N of 148 kg.ha-1 .year-1. There is no difference between green pruning intensity and peach fruit quality.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.2016307 1309 downloads

10.

Increase of 10% in the Rate of Adverse Drug Reactions for Each Drug Administered in Hospitalized Patients
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Ribeiro, Marisa Rosimeire

; Motta, Antonio Abílio

; Marcondes-Fonseca, Luiz Augusto

; Kalil-Filho, Jorge

; Giavina-Bianchi, Pedro

Clinics

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2018, Volume 73 elocation e185

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk factors, incidence and severity of adverse drug reactions in in-patients. METHODS: This prospective study evaluated 472 patients treated at a teaching hospital in Brazil between 2010 and 2013 by five medical specialties: Internal Medicine, General Surgery, Geriatrics, Neurology, and Clinical Immunology and Allergy. The following variables were assessed: patient age, gender, comorbidities, family history of hypersensitivity, personal and family history of atopy, number of prescribed drugs before and during hospitalization, hospital diagnoses, days of hospitalization. The patients were visited every other day, and medical records were reviewed by the investigators to detect adverse drug reactions. RESULTS: There were a total of 94 adverse drug reactions in 75 patients. Most reactions were predictable and of moderate severity. The incidence of adverse drug reactions was 16.2%, and the incidence varied, according to the medical specialty; it was higher in Internal Medicine (30%). Antibiotics were the most commonly involved medication. Chronic renal failure, longer hospital stay, greater number of diagnoses and greater number of medications upon admission were risk factors. For each medication introduced during hospitalization, there was a 10% increase in the rate of adverse drug reaction. In the present study, the probability of observing an adverse drug reaction was 1 in 104 patients per day. CONCLUSIONS: Adverse drug reactions are frequent and potentially serious and should be better monitored in patients with chronic renal failure or prolonged hospitalization and especially in those on ‘polypharmacy’ regimens. The rational use of medications plays an important role in preventing adverse drug reactions.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2018/e185 1948 downloads

11.

Brazilian Guidelines for Hereditary Angioedema Management - 2017 Update Part 1: Definition, Classification and Diagnosis
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Giavina-Bianchi, Pedro

; Arruda, Luisa Karla

; Aun, Marcelo V.

; Campos, Regis A.

; Chong-Neto, Herberto J.

; Constantino-Silva, Rosemeire N.

; Fernandes, Fátima R.

; Ferraro, Maria F.

; Ferriani, Mariana P.L.

; França, Alfeu T.

; Fusaro, Gustavo

; Garcia, Juliana F.B.

; Komninakis, Shirley

; Maia, Luana S.M.

; Mansour, Eli

; Moreno, Adriana S.

; Motta, Antonio A.

; Pesquero, João B.

; Portilho, Nathalia

; Rosário, Nelson A.

; Serpa, Faradiba S.

; Solé, Dirceu

; Takejima, Priscila

; Toledo, Eliana

; Valle, Solange O.R.

; Veronez, Camila L.

; Grumach, Anete S.

Clinics

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2018, Volume 73 elocation e310

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Hereditary angioedema is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by recurrent angioedema attacks with the involvement of multiple organs. The disease is unknown to many health professionals and is therefore underdiagnosed. Patients who are not adequately diagnosed and treated have an estimated mortality rate ranging from 25% to 40% due to asphyxiation by laryngeal angioedema. Intestinal angioedema is another important and incapacitating presentation that may be the main or only manifestation during an attack. In this article, a group of experts from the “Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunologia (ASBAI)” and the “Grupo de Estudos Brasileiro em Angioedema Hereditário (GEBRAEH)” has updated the Brazilian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hereditary angioedema.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2018/e310 1717 downloads

12.

Alkalinized sewage sludge application improves fertility of acid soils
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Barbosa, Julierme Zimmer

; Poggere, Giovana Clarice

; Dalpisol, Maristela

; Serrat, Beatriz Monte

; Bittencourt, Simone

; Motta, Antonio Carlos Vargas

Ciência e Agrotecnologia

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Set 2017, Volume 41 Nº 5 Páginas 483 - 493

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Embora seja conhecido a capacidade do lodo de esgoto alcalinizado em elevar o pH de solos ácidos, tem-se um limitado conhecimento sobre o efeito em outros indicadores da fertilidade do solo, como disponibilidade de P e K e, teor de C orgânico no solo. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar como a aplicação de lodo de esgoto alcalinizado afeta a fertilidade de solos ácidos. Foram selecionadas vinte estações de tratamento de esgoto ao longo do Paraná (Brasil), onde foram coletadas amostras de lodo de esgoto alcalinizado e amostras do solo agrícola mais representativo da região (abrangendo solos com textura média, argilosa ou muito argilosa). Cada solo foi incubado por 60 dias com doses de lodo de esgoto (0, 10, 20, 40, e 80 Mg ha-1) da sua região e com doses equivalentes de calcário. O lodo de esgoto alcalinizado foi superior ao calcário na correção da acidez do solo (pH, Al3+ e H+Al3+) e na elevação da disponibilidade P e Ca2+. O lodo também aumentou a disponibilidade de Mg2+ em todos os solos, K+ em sete solos e C orgânico em três solos. Os solos muito argilosos (alta poder tampão) suportam maior dose de lodo em comparação aos solos de textura argilosa e média. A aplicação de lodo de esgoto alcalinizado em solos ácidos demonstrou ser uma interessante alternativa para reciclar esse tipo de resíduo, pois melhorou a fertilidade dos solos e pode vir a reduzir custos com manejo do solo e adubação das culturas.

ABSTRACT Although it is known that alkalinized sewage sludge raises the pH of acid soils, there is limited knowledge regarding its effects on other soil fertility indicators, such as P and K availability and soil organic C content. Thus, the goal of this study was to evaluate how the application of alkalinized sewage sludge affects the fertility of acid soil. Twenty sewage treatment plants were selected throughout Paraná State (Brazil), and samples of alkalinized sewage sludge and samples of the most representative agricultural soil of the region were collected (covering soils with medium, clayey or very clayey texture). Each soil was incubated for 60 days with doses of sewage sludge (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 Mg ha-1) from its region and equivalent doses of limestone. The alkalinized sewage sludge was superior to limestone in the correction of soil acidity (pH, Al3+, and H + Al3+) and P and Ca2+ availability. The sludge also increased Mg2+ availability in all soils, K+ in seven soils and organic C in three soils. The very clayey soils (higher buffering capacity) supported higher sludge doses than did clayey and medium texture soils. The alkalinized sewage sludge application in acid soils proved to be an interesting alternative to recycling this type of waste, because it improved soil fertility and could reduce costs associated with soil management and crop fertilization.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542017415006717 1307 downloads

13.

SOIL FERTILITY AFFECTS ELEMENTAL DISTRIBUTION IN NEEDLES OF THE CONIFER Araucaria angustifolia: A MICROANALYTICAL STUDY
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Barbosa, Julierme Zimmer

; Constantino, Valdeci

; Zanette, Flávio

; Motta, Antonio Carlos Vargas

; Prior, Stephen Arthur

CERNE

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Jun 2017, Volume 23 Nº 2 Páginas 257 - 266

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Espécie da floresta subtropical da América do Sul e restando apenas menos de 3 % de vegetação natural, a Araucaria angustifolia é ainda pouco conhecida sobre a distribuição de elementos em suas acículas. Nesse estudo, utilizamos microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) com espectroscopia por dispersão de energia (EDS) para avaliar a distribuição elementar em acículas de A. angustifolia. Foram selecionadas acículas de plantas (28 meses de idade) cultivadas em experimento de adubação: com suprimento de N, P e K; com N e P; com N e K. Na microanálise quatro tipos de tecidos especializados das acículas (epiderme superior, mesófilo paliçádico, mesófilo esponjoso e epiderme inferior) foram avaliados quanto a composição (C, O, P, K, Ca, S e Al). Quando foram detectados cristais determinaram-se as concentrações de 12 elementos (C, O, P, K, Ca, S, Al, Fe, Mg, Na, Si e Cl). Na baixa disponibilidade de P e K, esses elementos foram encontrados em baixas concentrações na epiderme, no mesófilo e em cristais. Na baixa disponibilidade de P ocorreu acúmulo de Ca e K no mesófilo esponjoso, enquanto que na baixa disponibilidade de K ocorreu acúmulo de Ca no mesófilo esponjoso. Em adição, a baixa disponibilidade de K e P favoreceu a formação de cristais, sendo que em baixa disponibilidade de K, os cristais apresentaram mais Ca e Mg. A disponibilidade de P e K no solo afetou a distribuição de elementos em acículas de A. angustifolia, sendo que o tipo de tecido e a formação de cristais foi chave para a dinâmica de nutrientes nas acículas.

ABSTRACT Araucaria angustifolia is a conifer species found in South American subtropical forests that comprises less than 3% of the native vegetation and little is known concerning the accumulation of nutritional elements in its needles. In this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to assess the elemental distribution in needles. Needles were selected from 28 month-old plants grown in a fertilization experiment supplied with: 1) N, P, and K; 2) N and P; and 3) N and K. In microanalysis, four types of specialized needle tissues (adaxial epidermis, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll and abaxial epidermis) were evaluated for elemental composition (C, O, P, K, Ca, S and Al). When crystals were detected, the concentrations of 12 elements were determined (C, O, P, K, Ca, S, Al, Fe, Mg, Na, Si, and Cl). Under low soil P and K, these elements were found in low concentrations in the epidermis, mesophyll, and crystals. Under low soil P, Ca and K accumulated in the spongy mesophyll, while under low soil K only Ca accumulated in this tissue. In addition, low soil P or K availability favored the formation of crystals; crystals under low soil K availability had more Ca and Mg. Soil P and K availability affected the distribution of elements in needles of A. angustifolia, in that type of tissue and formation of crystals were key to the nutrient dynamics in needles.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104776020172302313 821 downloads

14.

Zinc, copper and manganese availability in soils treated with alkaline sewage sludge from Paraná state (Brazil)
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Dalpisol, Maristela

; Serrat, Beatriz Monte

; Motta, Antonio Carlos Vargas

; Poggere, Giovana Clarice

; Bittencourt, Simone

; Barbosa, Julierme Zimmer

Ciência e Agrotecnologia

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Fev 2017, Volume 41 Nº 1 Páginas 81 - 93

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO No Paraná, a maioria do lodo de esgoto gerado em estações de tratamento é submetida ao processo de estabilização alcalina prolongada. Embora seja conhecido que o lodo de esgoto alcalinizado contém micronutrientes como Zn, Cu e Mn, pouco se conhece sobre a disponibilidade desses elementos em solos tratados com esse tipo de lodo de esgoto. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a influência de lodos de esgoto alcalinizados do estado do Paraná sobre a disponibilidade de Zn, Cu e Mn no solo. Foram selecionadas vinte estações de tratamento de esgoto ao longo do Paraná, onde foram coletadas amostras de lodo de esgoto alcalinizado e amostras do solo agrícola mais representativo da região. Cada solo foi incubado por 60 dias com doses de lodo de esgoto (0, 10, 20, 40, e 80 Mg ha-1) da sua região. Posteriormente, foi determinada a disponibilidade de Zn, Cu e Mn no solo usando o extrator Mehlich-1. A aplicação de lodo de esgoto alcalinizado ao solo aumentou a disponibilidade de Zn e diminuiu a disponibilidade de Mn na maioria dos solos. Já o Cu apresentou resultados intermediários, com aumento de disponibilidade basicamente em solos de textura média e com diminuição para a maioria dos solos muito argilosos. Em solos com pH próximo ao ideal para o cultivo agrícola, a dose de lodo de esgoto alcalinizado deve ser cuidadosamente calculada para que não ocorra o aumento excessivo do pH e desbalanço nos teores de Zn, Cu e Mn.

ABSTRACT In Paraná, most of the sludge generated in sewage treatment plants is subjected to the prolonged alkaline stabilization process. Although it is known that the alkaline sewage sludge contains micronutrients such as Zn, Cu and Mn, little is known about the availability of these elements in soils treated with this type of sewage sludge. Thus, the objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of alkaline sewage sludge from Paraná on Zn, Cu and Mn availability in soils. Twenty sewage treatment plants were selected throughout Paraná, where alkaline sewage sludge and the most representative agricultural soil of the each region were collected. Each soil was incubated for 60 days with alkaline sewage sludge rates (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 Mg ha-1) from their region. Subsequently, Zn, Cu and Mn availability was determined using the Mehlich-1 extractant. The alkaline sewage sludge increased Zn availability and decreased Mn availability in most soils. Cu showed intermediate results, with increased availability, primarily in medium texture soils and decrease in most of the clayey soils. In soils with pH close to ideal for the plant growth, the alkaline sewage sludge rate should be carefully calculated so that there is no excessive increase in the pH and Zn, Cu and Mn imbalance.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542017411036916 1365 downloads

15.

Production, carbon and nitrogen in stover fractions of corn ( Zea mays L.) in response to cultivar development
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Barbosa, Julierme Zimmer

; Ferreira, Carla Fernanda

; Santos, Nicolas Zendonadi dos

; Motta, Antonio Carlos Vargas

; Prior, Stephen

; Gabardo, Juarez

Ciência e Agrotecnologia

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Dez 2016, Volume 40 Nº 6 Páginas 665 - 675

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A alteração na quantidade e qualidade dos resíduos culturais do milho podem impactar a conservação do solo e o sequestro de C no solo para extensas áreas. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as alterações na produção, concentração e quantidade de C e N nas frações do resíduo do milho em resposta ao desenvolvimento do cultivar. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos de campo na cidade de Rolândia (estado do Paraná, Brasil), sendo cultivados dez cultivares representantes dos cinco níveis tecnológicos que seguem: híbridos de cruzamento simples, duplo ou triplo, variedades comerciais e cultivares crioulas. No final do ciclo foi determinada a altura das plantas e o peso de colmos, folhas, sabugos, brácteas e pendão. Foi realizada a análise elementar em triplicata para C e N em cada fração do resíduo. Em geral, cultivares crioulas tiveram maior altura de planta e matéria seca (kg ha-1) e conteúdo de C (kg ha-1) nas brácteas, folhas, pendões e colmo, principalmente em comparação aos híbridos simples ou outros híbridos. Ocorreu relação direta entre a relação C/N e a seleção do milho para brácteas para ambos os experimentos e para outras frações no primeiro experimento. Esse resultado foi devido ao aumento do C e redução do N pela seleção da cultura. Foi observada diferença dentro do mesmo nível tecnológico para as variáveis analisadas, sugerindo ampla variação de linhagem genotípica. A quantidade e a qualidade das frações do resíduo variaram entre cultivares de milho e pode afetar o seu uso como cobertura de solo, alimentação de animais, energia e outros.

ABSTRACT Changes in quantity and quality of corn crop stover can have a large impact on soil conservation and soil carbon (C) sequestration over large areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in production, concentration and amount of C and nitrogen (N) in corn stover fractions due to cultivar development. Two field experiments were conducted in the city of Rolândia (Paraná State, Brazil) using ten cultivars representing five technological levels: single cross hybrids, double or triple hybrids, commercial varieties, and creole cultivars. Plant heights and stalk, leaf, cob, husk and tassel weights were determined at final harvest. Elemental C and N analyses were performed in triplicate for each stover fraction. In general, the creole cultivars had greater height, more dry matter (kg ha-1) and C content (kg ha-1) in husks, leaves, tassels and stalks, particularly when compared to single cross hybrids or others hybrids. There was a direct relationship between C/N ratio and corn selection for husks in both years and for the others fractions in one study year. This was due to the combined effects of increasing C and decreasing N due to crop selection. Large differences were observed within the same technological levels for the evaluated properties, suggesting a wide variation in genetic background. The quantity and quality of stover fractions vary among cultivars and may affect their use for soil cover, animal feed, biomass energy and other applications.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542016406020316 3040 downloads

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